Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions (2)

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Philippine Art

Philippine Art

The development of Philippine arts spans three major traditions:

  1. Ethnic Tradition
  2. Spanish Colonial Tradition
  3. American Colonial and Contemporary Arts Traditions

1. Ethnic Tradition

Art during this period was influenced by geography and the experiences of the Filipino people. Art served practical purposes and reflected pagan beliefs, daily activities, and distinct decorative patterns.

Key Artworks and Traditions:

  • Manunggul Jar: Found in Manunggul Cave, Lipuun Point, Palawan, in the early 1960s. A burial jar signifying early Filipinos' belief in life after death.
  • Angono Petroglyphs: Located in Binangonan, Rizal, discovered by National Artist Carlos "Botong" Francisco in 1965. Features 127 human and animal figures engraved on rock walls from the late Neolithic period.
  • Banga Dance: A cultural dance of the Kalinga tribe, showcasing the elegance, skill, and strength of women balancing pots (banga) on their heads.
  • Panag-Abel by Magdalena Gamayo: A traditional weaving technique practiced by National Living Treasure Magdalena Gamayo.

2. Spanish Colonial Tradition

Art during this era was heavily influenced by religion and secularization. The Spaniards utilized art to propagate Catholicism and religious values.

Key Artworks and Structures:

  • Langit, Lupa, at Impyerno by Josef Luciano Dans: Located in St. James the Apostle Church in Paete, Laguna (dated 1850). Depicts heaven, the crucifixion of Christ, Adam and Eve on earth, and sinners in hell.
  • Sta. Maria Church: A UNESCO World Heritage site in Sta. Maria, Ilocos Sur. A remarkable example of Baroque architecture.
  • St. Paul Metropolitan Cathedral: Located in Vigan City, Ilocos Sur. Originally built in 1574 and replaced as a church in 1641. Follows a Baroque architectural design.

3. American Colonial and Contemporary Arts Traditions

Modern Art (1860s–1960s)

Modern art focused on national identity and cultural pride.

  • The Making of the Philippine Flag by Fernando Amorsolo: Depicts Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa Natividad sewing the Philippine flag.
  • Bayanihan by Carlos "Botong" Francisco: A 1962 mural that illustrates the Filipino tradition of communal unity and cooperation. Highlights Francisco's distinctive painting style and mastery of art.

Contemporary Art (1970s–Present)

Contemporary art reflects contemporary culture and society. It introduces diverse and emerging art practices.

  • Cinco Marias (Tres Marias Series) by Federico Aguilar Alcuaz: Depicts various domestic activities, showcasing Alcuaz's versatility in art.
  • Art Installation in Sand Dunes of Paoay by Leeroy New: Created for the La Milagrosa Festival in Ilocos Norte. Symbolizes grand festivals, feasts, and celebrations.

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